A brazilian nationwide multicenter study on deficiency of deaminase-2 (DADA2)

Abstract Introduction The deficiency of ADA2 (DADA2) is a rare autoinflammatory disease provoked by mutations in the ADA2 gene inherited in a recessive fashion. Up to this moment there is no consensus for the treatment of DADA2 and anti-TNF is the therapy of choice for chronic management whereas bone marrow transplantation is considered for refractory or severe phenotypes. Data from Brazil is scarce and this multicentric study reports 18 patients with DADA2 from Brazil. Patients and methods This is a multicentric study proposed by the Center for Rare and Immunological Disorders of the Hospital 9 de Julho - DASA, São Paulo - Brazil. Patients of any age with a confirmed diagnosis of DADA2 were eligible for this project and data on clinical, laboratory, genetics and treatment were collected. Results Eighteen patients from 10 different centers are reported here. All patients had disease onset at the pediatric age (median of 5 years) and most of them from the state of São Paulo. Vasculopathy with recurrent stroke was the most common phenotype but atypical phenotypes compatible with ALPS-like and Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) was also found. All patients carried pathogenic mutations in the ADA2 gene. Acute management of vasculitis was not satisfactory with steroids in many patients and all those who used anti-TNF had favorable responses. Conclusion The low number of patients diagnosed with DADA2 in Brazil reinforces the need for disease awareness for this condition. Moreover, the absence of guidelines for diagnosis and management is also necessary (t).

The hammock: a reservoir of allergens

INTRODUCTION: Asthma affects approximately 10 percent of the world's population. Sensitization to allergens is an important risk factor, and exposure to allergens is associated with disease severity. METHODS: We performed skin tests to evaluate allergen sensitization to mites, cockroaches, cats, dogs, and molds in 73 asthmatic patients. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay was used to assay the mite and cockroach allergens found in dust from the bedding, hammocks, bedroom floors, living rooms, and kitchens of 29 patients and 14 controls. RESULTS: Fifty patients (68.5 percent) had positive skin test responses. There were positive responses to D. pteronyssinus (52.0 percent), B. tropicalis (53.4 percent), T. putrescentiae (15.0 percent), E. maynei (12.3 percent), L. destructor (8.2 percent), B. germanica (20.5 percent), P. americana (21.9 percent), Felis catus (10.9 percent), C. herbarium (2.7 percent), A. alternata (4.1 percent), and P. notatun (1.3 percent). The exposure to mite and cockroach allergens was similar in the patients and the controls. The Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus Group 1 levels were highest in the beds and hammocks. The Blattella germanica Group 1 levels were highest in the kitchens, living rooms and hammocks. DISCUSSION: The positive skin tests to mites, cockroaches and cats were consistent with previous studies. D pteronyssinus was the most prevalent home dust mite, and hammocks were a source of allergens. To improve asthma prophylaxis, it is important to determine its association with mite allergen exposure in hammocks.

Pneumopatias em pacientes com imunodeficiência comum variável / Pulmonary diseases in common variable immunodeficiency

A imunodeficiência comum variável (ICV) é uma imunodeficiência primária predominantemente humoral que se caracteriza pela hipogamaglobulinemia, infecções piogênicas recorrentes e outros distúrbios imunológicos, como autoimunidade e câncer. As pneumopatias são freqüentes e estão associadas a altas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade. Cerca de 80% dos pacientes com ICV apresentam pelo menos um episódio de pneumonia prévio ao diagnóstico e cerca de 30% evoluem com doença pulmonar crônica, particularmente a bronquiectasia. A avaliação pulmonar através de espirometria e exames de imagem, predominantemente a tomografia computadorizada de tórax de alta resolução, deve ser realizada precocemente nestes pacientes. Este artigo traz uma revisão das principais pneumopatias encontradas nos pacientes com ICV.

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency, a predominantly antibody deficiency, characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia, recurrent bacterial infections, and others immunologic disorders as autoimmunity and malignity. Pulmonary complications are common and are related with high morbidity and mortality. About 80% of CVID patients have experienced at least one episode of pneumonia before diagnosis, and about 30% have chronic lung disease, particularly the development of bronchiectasis. Screening examinations, such as pulmonary function testing and high-resolution computed tomography of the chest, must be used to evaluate pulmonary status. This is a review of the major pulmonary complications in CVID patients.